Transformative action expert presents new model for social change
Scott Sherman, co-founder of the Transformative Action Institute in California, spoke on 'Teaching to Transform the World: An Innovative Approach to Education,' Oct. 26. (Oct. 31, 2006)

DreamWorks CEO gives students career advice and a 'Shrek' preview
Jeffrey Katzenberg, executive in charge of such animated hits as 'Shrek' and 'Chicken Run,' discussed his career and the world of computer animation Oct. 30 in Statler Auditorium. (Oct. 31, 2006)

Expert addresses transformations in how we think about parenting
With the advent of genetics research, Eleanor Maccoby, professor emerita of psychology at Stanford University, revisited the classic developmental question of whether children are more influenced by nature or nurture. (Oct. 31, 2006)

Cornell alumna, entrepreneur to give Thorpe Lecture
Rebecca B. Robertson '82, a specialist in early-stage investment in medical devices and diagnostics, will deliver the annual Thorpe Lecture, sponsored by Cornell's School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering. (Oct. 31, 2006)

Cass Sunstein to give inaugural Milton Konvitz lecture
Cass Sunstein, a legal scholar and political scientist, will speak on 'The Public Forum: The Affirmative Side of Free Speech,' Nov. 8. (Oct. 31, 2006)

Symposium to honor life of Professor Arch Dotson
A Nov. 4 symposium will honor the life and contributions of longtime Cornell professor Arch Dotson. The former Cornell Institute for Public Affairs director and professor of government died April 6 at age 85. (Oct. 31, 2006)

Donald P. Hayes, professor of sociology emeritus, dies at 78
Donald P. Hayes, Cornell professor emeritus of sociology and developer of LEX, a scientific measure of the lexical difficulty of text, died at his Ithaca home Oct. 17. (Oct. 31, 2006)

CRESP becomes the CRESP Center for Transformative Action
The name was modified to reflect a model for social change activism that breaks the traditional us-versus-them approach and seeks to turn adversaries into allies. (Oct. 31, 2006)

Challenges of 21st Century Energy symposium
Growing U.S. awareness of its fragile petroleum supply is hopeful sign, panelists at 'Challenges of Energy' conference agree. (Oct. 31, 2006)

WCMC-Q students are torn between demands of tradition and school
Because men born in Qatar get an annual salary from birth, they are more apathetic toward education than women are, said Linda Finlay, who recently taught at the Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar. (Oct. 31, 2006)

Skorton toasts Ithaca kickoff of $4 billion campaign
Hundreds of Cornellians gathered for a celebratory evening to kick off Cornell's $4 billion campaign. The dinner followed a day after the official launch of the campaign, which took place at Weill Cornell Medical College in Manhattan. (Oct. 30, 2006)

Sandy Weill talks about business, philanthropy and his new book
Sanford I. Weill, chairman of the Weill Cornell Medical College's Board of Overseers, retired CEO of Citigroup and renowned philanthropist -- gave the keynote address Oct. 27 during Trustee-Council Weekend. (Oct. 27, 2006)

Skorton outlines challenges and a vision for Cornell
President David Skorton detailed accomplishments, new initiatives and challenges as he led Cornell's leadership on virtual tours of the university in the present day and in 2015 during his first State of the University Address. (Oct. 27, 2006)

Malcolm Bilson receives Smithsonian honor
Malcolm Bilson, professor emeritus of music at Cornell, has been awarded the James Smithson Bicentennial Medal for his lifetime achievements in period and chamber music. (Oct. 27, 2006)

John V. Murra, renowned Cornell anthropologist, dies at 90
John V. Murra, whose pioneering research on the Incas transformed historical understanding of pre and post-Columbian Andean social systems, was a member of the Cornell faculty from 1968 to 1982. (Oct. 27, 2006)

First endowed professorship for Geneva offers recipe for success
Yongkeun Joh, Cornell M.S. '78 in food science, and his wife and business partner, Sunny, M.S. '77, have endowed the Yongkeun Joh Professorship of Food Ingredient and Product Formulation. (Oct. 27, 2006)

Cornell University announces $4 billion campaign
Emphasizing links between the Ithaca and New York City campuses, alumni joined trustees, administrators and New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg at the Weill Cornell Medical College Oct. 26 to launch the 'public phase' of the university's $4 billion campaign. (Oct. 26, 2006)

President Skorton answers questions on the campaign
Cornell President David Skorton sat down with Cornell Chronicle editors to talk about the the five-year campaign's public phase, launched this week in New York City. (Oct. 26, 2006)

Campaign is aimed at far-reaching investments
The goals for Cornell's $4 billion campaign can be summed up in three words: students, faculty and facilities. (Oct. 26, 2006)

Campaign includes a joint effort to support collaboration
Now more than ever, researchers are bridging the distance between Ithaca and New York City to collaborate on big-picture projects -- the kinds that require the combined expertise of theoreticians, experimentalists and clinicians. (Oct. 26, 2006)

Lessons learned from the previous campaign
Campaigns are not just about raising a lot of money -- they are about raising a lot of money for specific academic priorities. That is a major lesson learned from Cornell's last record-setting $1.5 billion campaign, 1990-95. (Oct. 26, 2006)

In a seller's market, CU needs to recruit hundreds of new faculty
Over the next five years, Cornell needs to replace about one-quarter of its faculty. The second article in the Cornell Chronicle's Decade of Challenge series looks at the ways the administration is addressing this reality. (Oct. 26, 2006)

CU ecologist shares in evolution study grant
Cornell researcher will take part in a multi-institutional $5 million project funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) to investigate how changes to an ecosystem can influence evolution in a fish species. (Oct. 25, 2006)

Dreamworks CEO to speak on future of computer animation
Jeffrey Katzenberg, CEO of DreamWorks Animation, will give a lecture on 'The Future of Computer Animation' on Oct. 30. (Oct. 25, 2006)

Cornell AguaClara project wins national award
A project to share skills and knowledge with Hondurans for building drinking water treatment systems in rural areas has brought national recognition for Cornell engineering students and instructors. (Oct. 24, 2006)

From Cassini's new images: answers and more questions
The Cassini spacecraft is giving astronomers a wealth of new information about Saturn and its ring system. It's also tossing in some surprises and questions along the way. (Oct. 25, 2006)

Cassini observations show faint new rings around Saturn
Saturn presents an eerily beautiful face -- 57 million miles from Earth. Cornell astronomers and colleagues on NASA's Cassini mission presented the images at a recent conference. (Oct. 24, 2006)

Africana Center begins reading project with Angela Davis book
Historian and activist Angela Davis' 2003 book 'Are Prisons Obsolete?' is the inaugural title of an annual reading project at Cornell's Africana Studies and Research Center. (Oct. 24, 2006)

Kevin McGovern '70 named Cornell 2007 Entrepreneur of the Year
Trustee Kevin McGovern '70 named Cornell Entrepreneur of the Year 2007. (Oct. 23, 2006)

Video of professor's robotic chair creates stir online
With its 'brain' in its seat, a seemingly simple, sturdy, wood-veneer chair collapses into a disheveled, disconnected heap; its legs then slowly find each corner of the base, connect back together and eventually, the chair stands upright. (Oct. 20, 2006)

Library partners with Microsoft to put public domain books online
Cornell University Library has signed a partnership with Microsoft Corp. that will add books published before 1923 to its online collections, making 'checking out' books even easier. (Oct. 20, 2006)

CU in the City: King Lear goes to court
In 'Law and Order: Elizabethan Unit' Sept. 20, real actors and real attorneys played parts in the trial of King Lear v. Goneril and Regan, part of Weill Cornell's Humanities and Medicine Series. (Oct. 20, 2006)

Department changes name to Fiber Science and Apparel Design
The Department of Textiles and Apparel in the College of Human Ecology will be the Department of Fiber Science and Apparel Design, beginning next semester. (Oct. 19, 2006)

Irresistible images from Insectapalooza 2006
Three floors of Comstock Hall were transformed into a multilegged extravaganza Oct. 14 for Insectapalooza 2006 -- the Department of Entomology's annual open house. (Oct. 19, 2006)

CU seeks to maximize student diversity amid escalating tuition costs
Cornell has put together special financial-aid packages to attract high-caliber students who otherwise could not afford an Ivy League education. These efforts are starting to pay off in terms of both economic and racial diversity on campus. (Oct. 18, 2006)

Selling 'transformational ideas': An interview with Charlie Phlegar
As Cornell prepares to unveil its five-year campaign goal, Vice President for Alumni Affairs and Development Charlie Phlegar sat down with the Cornell Chronicle editors to answer questions about the upcoming launch of the campaign's public phase. (Oct. 18, 2006)

Leave the skates on Earth: no evidence for ice on the moon
Alas, the moon is not for winter sports. Never mind the difficulty of a triple axel in a bulky spacesuit (though the diminished gravity might help) -- ice, it turns out, is hard to come by up there. (Oct. 18, 2006)

Alumnus Doug Block explores his family's hidden history
Filmmaker Doug Block '75 brings his film-festival hit, '51 Birch Street,' a personal documentary about his parents' marriage, to Cornell Cinema Oct. 24. (Oct. 18, 2006)

Leaders are made, not born, as they learn to build teams, take risks
The Leadership Initiative in the College of Human Ecology teaches that we are all born with the potential to lead, but that most leadership traits require effort and experience to develop. (Oct. 17, 2006)

Novel diversity programs offer promise, new study finds
A Cornell-led consortium has authored a white paper, 'Eliminating Racial Disparities in College Completion and Achievement,' for the Teagle Foundation. (Oct. 17, 2006)

Cosmology symposium honors Riccardo Giovanelli
An Oct. 13-14 symposium, 'Dark and Dusty Galaxies: Galaxy Surveys with Really Gigantic (RG) Telescopes,' was held to celebrate Professor Riccardo Giovanelli's 60th birthday. (Oct. 17, 2006)

Sandra Gilbert named M.H. Abrams Distinguished Visiting Professor
The Department of English has established the M.H. Abrams Distinguished Visiting Professorship in honor of the renowned Cornell professor emeritus. Literary critic Sandra M. Gilbert '57 has accepted the inaugural professorship for the spring 2007 semester. (Oct. 17, 2006)

Civil engineering school celebrates opening of Bovay lab complex
Donning colorful construction hats, Cornell faculty, staff, students and alumni gathered during Homecoming Weekend to help dedicate the Harry E. Bovay Jr. '36 Laboratory Complex. (Oct. 17, 2006)

Cornell United Way campaign kicks off
The 2006 Cornell United Way campaign kicked off Oct. 11 with the goals of $660,000 a 20 percent participation rate. (Oct. 17, 2006)

Theater troupe in biology class stimulates ethics discussion
The Cornell Interactive Theater Ensemble proves to be an 'extraordinary teaching resource' by helping Professor Carl Hopkins run a class discussion on responsible conduct in the biological sciences as part of a freshman biology course. (Oct. 17, 2006)

How a cookbook can be a science communication tool
From appetizers to desserts and every dish in between, Nancy Longnecker's cookbook, 'Passion for Pulses: A Feast of Beans, Peas and Lentils From Around the World,' offers legume-rich recipes with a side of science. (Oct. 17, 2006)

Nicaraguan ambassador talks about upcoming Nicaragua elections
The outcome of Nicaragua's Nov. 5 elections will have far-reaching international political and economic ripples, according to Jose Luis Velazquez Pereira, who spoke at Cornell Oct. 12. (Oct. 17, 2006)

Marilyn Berger Hewitt and Don Hewitt speak about their careers
Marilyn Berger Hewitt '56, a New York Times contributor, and her husband, Don Hewitt, creator of CBS' '60 Minutes,' reflected on their lives as journalists Oct. 12 at the Alice Cook House on campus. (Oct. 16, 2006)

Pei Shin Nei, Clark Award winner, dies at 86
Pei Shin Ni, a former lecturer in the Department of Modern Languages, died Sept. 30 at her son's home in Las Cruces, N.M. She was 86. (Oct. 16, 2006)

Four area studies programs receive $7 million in federal funding
Four Cornell area studies programs have been designated National Resource Centers with grants totaling a little more than $750,000 per year through 2010. They also have been awarded $1 million a year in Foreign Language and Area Studies grants. (Oct. 16, 2006)

PRI strengthens ties with Cornell
As the Paleontological Research Institution ends its second year of formal affiliation with Cornell, a new photography exhibit of the natural beauty and the fragility of Alaska's Arctic slope is to be featured at the institution's Museum of the Earth. (Oct. 16, 2006)

Steve Kresovich seeks to improve sub-Saharan staple crops
Cornell's vice provost for life sciences and professor of plant breeding and plant biology applies plant agriculture to human well-being while also overseeing the New Life Sciences Initiative. (Oct. 16, 2006)

Hotel School's roundtable finds human resources vary widely
Companies use very different ways to determine and carry out their human resources priorities, according to the third Human Resources Roundtable at the School of Hotel Administration, Sept. 28-29. (Oct. 16, 2006)

Two Ph.D. candidates win prizes
Kathleen Foley has received a 2006 Trustees' Merit Citation from the Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts, and Misty Urban won a first prize for fiction in the 21st annual New Letters Awards for Writers contest. (Oct. 16, 2006)

Campus to Coast program fosters interest in marine science
A new program connected to Cornell's Shoals Marine Laboratory aims to introduce freshmen from all walks of life, but particularly underrepresented youth who tend to hail from urban areas, to studying marine science. (Oct. 13, 2006)

Alan Paau named to lead Cornell technology transfer
Alan S. Paau of the University of California-San Diego has been named vice provost for technology transfer and economic development at Cornell and executive director of the Cornell Center for Technology, Enterprise and Commercialization. (Oct. 13, 2006)

Vet College collaborates with Wildlife Conservation Society
A new program with Wildlife Conservation Society will enable Cornell veterinary residents to hone their skills at the Bronx Zoo. (Oct. 13, 2006)

Cornell hotline, run via EthicsPoint, is available to all
The university has established an institutionwide hotline service, via an agreement with EthicsPoint Inc., that gives faculty, staff and students a way to anonymously report irregularities and other concerns. (Oct. 13, 2006)

Cornell releases two new cherry varieties
The cherry processing industry now has two new varieties to work with, thanks to recent releases by Cornell's New York State Agricultural Experiment Station and International Plant Management Inc. (Oct. 13, 2006)

Extension teaches farmers alternatives in pest control
Cornell's emphasis on outreach to a wide range of farmers is now bringing science-based expertise to one of New York's most traditional farm communities: Amish families in Cattaraugus and Chautauqua counties. (Oct. 13, 2006)

Bioengineering professor Dan Luo wins NSF Early Career award
Dan Luo, whose work in nucleic acid engineering is changing the way scientists look at DNA, has garnered a prestigious 2006 Faculty Early Career Development Program award from the National Science Foundation. (Oct. 12, 2006)

Flat on his brass
Following the Sept. 23 Big Red football game against Yale, Big Red Marching Band first trumpet Dave Samuels '07 took a much-needed break on the sidewalk by Barton Hall. (Oct. 12, 2006)

Provost invites Cornell community to lend books to art project
Provost Biddy Martin invites all faculty, staff and students to join the Cornell Humanities Book Art Project by lending books they have authored for an art installation by Professor Buzz Spector. (Oct. 11, 2006)

David Gross to give 2006 Bethe lectures, Oct. 16-18
David J. Gross, the Frederick W. Gluck Professor of Theoretical Physics and director of the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics at UCSB, will give three talks on 'The Search for a Theory of Fundamental Reality.' (Oct. 11, 2006)

Nicaraguan ambassadors to speak at Cornell Oct. 12
Nicaraguans Salvador Stadthagen, ambassador to the United States, and Jose Luis Velazquez Pereira, ambassador to the Organization of American States,will speak about the significance of their country's forthcoming elections. (Oct. 11, 2006)

Zalaznick Teaching Assistantships awarded for 2006-07
Louis H. Zalaznick Teaching Assistantships were awarded to David Funk, Aija Leiponen, Pedro Perez, Deborah Streeter and Michael Timmons. (Oct. 11, 2006)

There is 'room for improvement' in doctoral completion rates
At a conference on the faculty of the future, faculty members, policy-makers and members of educational organizations said that more efforts are needed to reduce attrition rates in doctoral programs. (Oct. 11, 2006)

CU Library studies ways to get undergrads involved with research
Two librarians from the University of California-Berkeley came to campus Oct. 5 to explain how their program helps redesign high-enrollment courses so more students will do research using the university's libraries. (Oct. 11, 2006)

GE unit reaps big returns by turning to international market
At the 'New Frontiers' real estate conference Oct. 5, Michael Pralle, CEO of GE Real Estate, said his company has reaped big profits by turning to international and underserved real estate markets. (Oct. 11, 2006)

Aaron Sachs follows 'The Humboldt Current' in new book
'The Humboldt Current,' written by Cornell history professor Aaron Sachs, is an intellectual history of the impact of 19th-century explorer Alexander von Humboldt on American culture and science, particularly American environmentalism. (Oct. 10, 2006)

Student aid funding to hold steady until after Nov. 7 elections
Federal funding for student aid, education and health programs will continue at fiscal year 2006 levels, at least until mid-November, because the U.S. Congress has recessed until Nov. 13 without resolving most of its important spending and policy decisions. (Oct. 10, 2006)

Alumna turns novice Namibian volleyball team into national champs
After graduating from Cornell, Debra Smith '03 went to Namibia, where she taught school in a village, coached a novice team of teenage girls to the national championship in volleyball and was a surgical assistant in an Angolan hospital. (Oct. 10, 2006)

Chad Walter '93 is crew chief at Hendrick Motorsports
Chad Walter has made it to victory lane twice in the Daytona 500 -- the Super Bowl of NASCAR -- not behind the wheel of a winning stock car but on the team that engineered it. (Oct. 10, 2006)

Americans often resist new ideas, at first, writes Michael Kammen
In his new book 'Visual Shock,' Cornell history professor Michael Kammen explores Americans' relationship with art. (Oct. 10, 2006)

CU-led team gets $2.5 million for house finch disease project
Cornell researchers leading a multi-institutional team studying an eye disease infecting house finches have received a five-year $2.5 million National Science Foundation award to continue their work. (Oct. 9, 2006)

1966 Glee Club alumni celebrate historic Asian tour at Homecoming
Members of the 1966 Cornell Glee Club, which made a historic tour of Asia, will perform together for the first time in 40 years during Homecoming, Oct. 14. (Oct. 9, 2006)

Nutritional Sciences joins Upstate N.Y. Research Network
Cornell's Division of Nutritional Sciences will be a founding member of the Upstate New York Translational Research Network, part of the University of Rochester's new Clinical and Translational Science Institute. (Oct. 9, 2006)

New Yorkers want junk food banned in schools
Research Notebook: More than eight out of 10 New York state residents consider childhood obesity a major problem, and almost half favor a ban on candy and soda advertising on children's television programming, according to a Cornell report that was part of the 2006 Empire State Poll. (Oct. 9, 2006)

Letter to the editor: On 'The Great Gatsby'
Professor Emeritus writes about the world premiere of 'The Great Gatsby,' adapted by Simon Levy and staged at the Guthrie Theater in Minneapolis. (Oct. 9, 2006)

Squyres, Bell release images from Victoria Crater
On Friday, Oct. 6, NASA held a press conference at its headquarters to unveil the latest Mars Exploration Rover images, taken by the rover Opportunity at Victoria Crater. Steve Squyres and Jim Bell described the ongoing mission. (Oct. 6, 2006)

Seven distinguished alumni receive 2006 Rhodes Awards
Seven alumni -- Albert 'Ace' C. Bean; J. Thomas Clark and Nancy W. Clark; Penny S. Haitkin; Jay Hyman; Benson Pei-sing Lee; and Jane Knauss Stevens -- have received Frank H.T. Rhodes Exemplary Alumni Service Awards. (Oct. 6, 2006)

Holleran elected co-chair of Cornell Computing Directors
Jennifer Holleran, support manager for the Faculty of Computing and Information Science, has been elected co-chair of the Cornell Computing Directors. (Oct. 6, 2006)

New technique boosts size of proteins that can be analyzed
Cornell researchers have extended a powerful technique to increase by fourfold the size of a protein that can be analyzed, to those containing more than 2,000 amino acids, up from about 500. (Oct. 5, 2006)

Cornell team to build a self-driving car for city streets
A team of Cornell students and faculty will receive up to $1 million in Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency funding to develop a vehicle capable of driving itself on city streets. The vehicle will compete in the DARPA Urban Challenge in November 2007. (Oct. 5, 2006)

CU's Squyres and Bell to reveal new Mars images at NASA briefing
Cornell astronomers Steve Squyres and Jim Bell will present what NASA promises will be 'stunning images' from Mars at a news briefing Oct. 6. (Oct. 5, 2006)

Two Cornell groups win NSF awards
A Lab of Ornithology group and a pair of biomedical sciences researchers from Cornell reaped honors in this year's NSF Science and Engineering Visualization Challenge. (Oct. 4, 2006)

Allyn B. Ley, M.D., former director of Gannett, dies
Allyn Bryson Ley, M.D., Cornell professor emeritus, physician and former director of Gannett Health Services, died Sept. 29 from complications following a fall. He was 87. (Oct. 4, 2006)

Law professor is helping draft Rwanda's new code of contract law
The Rwandan government wants to adopt an American style code of contract law based on common law, and Professor Robert Summers is helping help draft it. (Oct. 4, 2006)

ROTC assists in Broome County flood relief efforts
Cornell ROTC has organized volunteers for two working trips to Broome County to help rebuild homes destroyed by the floods that swept through the Southern Tier and Mohawk Valley last June. (Oct. 4, 2006)

Studying aquatic systems for 50 years at Shackelton Point
For 50 years, the Cornell Biological Field Station at Shackelton Point on Oneida Lake has been serving as the springboard for a prolific and wide-ranging research program from studies of fish ecology and management to population dynamics, invasion biology and colonial birds. (Oct. 4, 2006)

State association awards Rural Vision Project
Cornell's Rural Vision Project has received the Sen. Patricia M. McGee Award of the New York State Association for Rural Health. (Oct. 4, 2006)

Prehistoric wonders at PRI's Museum of the Earth
A Cornell-affiliated institution, the Paleontological Research Institution boasts one of largest fossil collections in the country with more than 2 million specimens. (Oct. 4, 2006)

Cyberinfrastructure task force seeks input on data-driven science
A survey asks Cornell researchers what they need to do research involving massive amounts of data, as a step in upgrading the university's cyberinfrastructure. (Oct. 3, 2006)

CIIFAD named finalist in 2006 Alcan Prize for Sustainability
A Cornell program has shown that rice yields can be hugely increased through simple changes in how plants, soil, water and nutrients are managed. The program has drawn attention worldwide and is now on the short list of a $1 million sustainability prize. (Oct. 3, 2006)

Faculty of the future is focus of CHERI conference
The Cornell Higher Education Research Institute will present a two-day conference, 'Doctoral Education and the Faculty of the Future,' Oct. 8-9. (Oct. 3, 2006)

Lehman Fund to stimulate China-Cornell research
The Jeffrey Sean Lehman Fund for Scholarly Exchange with China, in honor of Cornell's 11th president, will support several projects each year between Cornell and the finest higher education institutions in China. (Oct. 3, 2006)

Cornell's Freeville farm has been officially 'certified organic'
Cornell's 30-acre Freeville Organic Research Farm is now 'certified organic' by the Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York. (Oct. 3, 2006)

Gary Evans receives honorary doctorate from Stockholm University
Professor Gary Evans, an environmental psychologist in the College of Human Ecology, was awarded an honorary doctorate by the Faculty of Social Sciences at Stockholm University, Sept. 29. (Oct. 3, 2006)

Environmental leader urges U.S. to reduce oil dependence
As the world's biggest oil consumer, the United States needs to work much harder to reduce waste, stressed a land-use and transportation-planning expert in a keynote address for the Young Global Leaders Summit on the Cornell campus Sept. 30. (Oct. 3, 2006)

Mostafavi edits book on the work of Swiss engineer Jürg Conzett
A new book on the work of Jürg Conzett explores in-depth the relationship between engineering and architecture and the impact of engineering infrastructures on the natural environment. (Oct. 2, 2006)

Auburn University researchers sight ivory-billed in Florida
Researchers from Auburn University in Alabama and the University of Windsor, Ontario, report they have sighted and recorded the ivory-billed woodpecker, once thought to be extinct, along the Choctawhatchee River in the Florida panhandle. (Oct. 2, 2006)

Cornellians urged to stay alert to symptoms of pertussis
A Cornell student is one of a small number of people in Tompkins County recently diagnosed with pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough. The student has been treated and cleared to return to class. (Oct. 1, 2006)